Kidney Transplant - information page

An overview of kidney transplantation for patients and families. Dr Kooner is not a transplant surgeon, but is often involved in the urological care of transplant candidates and recipients.

Important: kidney transplantation itself is performed in dedicated transplant units by a transplant surgeon, not in private rooms. This page is for background information and to explain how urological care fits alongside transplant care.

What is a kidney transplant?

A kidney transplant is the placement of a healthy donor kidney into a person whose own kidneys have failed or are failing. The donor kidney takes over urine production and filtering waste, usually freeing the recipient from dialysis. The transplanted kidney is placed in the lower abdomen (pelvis), and the original kidneys are usually left in place.

Who might need a transplant?

  • People with advanced (stage 5) chronic kidney disease, on or approaching dialysis.
  • People with certain genetic kidney diseases (for example, polycystic kidney disease).
  • People whose kidney function has been lost through diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis or other conditions.

Assessment for transplant suitability is carried out by a nephrologist and the transplant team, and includes medical, surgical and psychosocial review.

Types of transplant

  • Living donor transplant - a kidney is donated by a relative or friend. Outcomes are typically excellent, and waiting time is much shorter than for deceased-donor transplants.
  • Deceased donor transplant - a kidney from someone who has recently died, allocated through the national allocation system.
  • Pre-emptive transplant - transplantation performed before dialysis is started, where timing allows.

Where urology fits in

Transplant recipients and donors often need input from a general urologist over their lifetime, including:

  • Evaluation and treatment of kidney stones (in the native or transplanted kidney).
  • Assessment of haematuria (blood in the urine) in transplant recipients.
  • Evaluation of urinary retention, bladder outlet symptoms and prostate disease.
  • Management of ureteric complications after transplant (stent changes, strictures).
  • Removal of a non-functioning native kidney in selected cases.

Dr Kooner works alongside nephrologists and transplant teams to provide this ongoing urological care.

If you already have a transplant

  • New blood in the urine, flank pain, recurrent urinary infections or stones should prompt early review.
  • Always bring a list of current medications - many transplant recipients take immunosuppression which affects risk of infection and bleeding.
  • Imaging and blood tests are interpreted in conjunction with your transplant team.

Frequently asked questions

Does Dr Kooner perform kidney transplants himself?

No. Transplant surgery is performed in specialist transplant units. Dr Kooner's role is typically in the general urological care of patients before or after their transplant.

Can I keep my old kidneys?

Usually yes. The original kidneys are typically left in place unless they are causing problems (for example, large polycystic kidneys causing discomfort, or a functioning kidney cancer in a native kidney).

How long does a transplant last?

Most living-donor kidneys work well for 15–20 years or longer, and deceased-donor kidneys typically for 10–15 years. Outcomes continue to improve. Your transplant team will discuss individualised expectations.

How do I start the transplant work-up?

Ask your nephrologist or GP for a referral to a transplant unit. If you do not yet have a nephrologist, Dr Kooner can help with the first steps of referral.

Related services

Speak with Dr Kooner's rooms

Arrange a consultation or request a second opinion on kidney cancer, stones, or reconstructive kidney surgery.